منابع مشابه
Altruism towards the end of life.
In the author's experience most normal healthy adults would like to have the choice of medical help to die if they become incurably ill and find their suffering intolerable. The reasons for this are explored, based on ten years of listening and talking about the subject to a wide variety of people in many countries. The most familiar and common are the avoidance of futile suffering and the desi...
متن کاملsecuritization of mortality risks in life annuities
insurers have in the past few decades faced longevity risks - the risk that annuitants survive more than expected - and therefore need a new approach to manage this new risk. in this dissertation we survey methods that hedge longevity risks. these methods use securitization to manage risk, so using modern financial and insurance pricing models, especially wang transform and actuarial concepts, ...
15 صفحه اولOne Giant Leap: How Insects Achieved Altruism and Colonial Life
E the care across generations of the offspring of a reproductive caste by a nonreproductive or less reproductive worker caste, is the most advanced level of social life in the insects. Although the condition is rare in evolution, once attained, it has often been spectacularly successful. Thus, while only 2% of known insect species are eusocial, these species compose most of the insect biomass; ...
متن کاملAltruism
What is altruism? Altruism is a type of social behaviour. From an evolutionary point of view, a behaviour is social if it has consequences for both the actor and another individual — the recipient. Social behaviours can be categorized according to whether their consequences for the actor and recipient are beneficial, increasing fitness, or costly, decreasing fitness (Figure 1). Altruism is when...
متن کاملAltruism
Altruistic actions are generally seen as 'noble'. Yet some 'lowly' organisms are apt to match the most heroic human acts of devotion and self-sacrifice. To use a widely-quoted example, consider Dicrocoelium dendriticum, also known as brainworm. These parasites spend some of their stages in the innards of cows, exit in the feces and, in the form of cercaria, are eaten by ants a few stages later....
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Nature
سال: 1910
ISSN: 0028-0836,1476-4687
DOI: 10.1038/083489d0